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Ornaments

 

The Kurukh tribes like to wear metallic and wooden made ornaments, i.e. ornaments made of Gold, Silver, brass, copper for their earrings, bracelets, bangles and ornaments made of wooden for their earnings, called bindyo. They use silver made ornament for neck, which is called hansli. They use flowers in their make-up. A recognised social custom is to have tattoos on the body of both men and women. Vast quantities of red beads and a large, heavy brass ornament shaped like a torque are worn round the neck. On the left hand are rings of copper, as many as can be induced on each finger up to the first joint, on the right hand a smaller quantity; rings on the second toe only of brass or bell-metal, and anklets and bracelets of the same material are also worn." The women wear only metal and not glass bangles, and this with the three vertical tattoo-marks on the forehead and the fact that the head and right arm are uncovered enables them to be easily recognised. "The hair is made tolerably smooth amenable by much lubrication, and false hair or some other substance is used to give size to the mass into which it is gathered not immediately behind, but more or less on one side, so that it lies on the neck just behind and touching the right ear; and flowers are arranged in a receptacle made for them between the roll of hair and the head." Rings are worn in the lobes of the ear, but not other ornaments. "When in dancing costume on grand occasions they add to their head-dress plumes of heron feathers, and a gay bordered scarf is tightly bound round the upper part of the body."

     At the very extremity of the roll of hair gleams a small circular mirror set in brass, from which, and also from his ears, bright brass chains with spiky pendants dangle, and as he moves with the springy elastic step of youth and tosses his head like a high-mettled steed in the buoyancy of his animal spirits, he sets all his glittering ornaments in motion and displays as he laughs a row of teeth, round, white and regular, that give light and animation to his dusky features. The ornaments are nearly all discarded, hair utterly neglected, and for raiment any rags are used.

     Kurukh women use ornaments a lots but the spiritual concept of ornament is very different. They believe that all ornaments are human made and are mortal. Therefore they invented tattoos as permanent ornament. Majority of Kurukh woman have tattoos called Godna, on their bodies. They have three parallel vertical lines on the forehead which form a distinctive mark, and other patterns on the arms, chest, knees and ankles. However, Kurukh man also use Godna. They make five deep marks on the lower part of his arm. They belive that he may be recognised as an Oraon at his death when he goes into the other world." The marks on the knees are considered to be steps by which the wearer will ascend to heaven after her death. If a baby cries much it is also tattooed on the nose and chin. It is believed that Godna are the only ornament which goes with them after death also.

 

 
 
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